| Acaricidal activities of tobacco extract against the poultry red mite (Dermanyssus gallinae) |
| Paper ID : 1173-IPCA4 (R2) |
| Authors |
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Ali Moshaverinia *1, Zahra Broumandan2, Gholam Ali Kalidari3 1Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. Mashhad, Iran 2Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran 3Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, |
| Abstract |
| The poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae is a well-known threat to laying hens industry. Chemical acaricides have been conventionally used for the control of this mite in infested avicultures. Despite the high efficacy, low price and accessibility of chemical compounds, the use of these compounds have been faced with crucial challenges. Mite resistance, chemical residues in human food, stricter legislation and increase in consumers demand for organic products are only part of these challenges. Hence, in recent years, a lot of interest and attention have been drawn to plant-based acaricides. The aim of this study was to investigate acaricidal effect of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) extract against D. gallinae. The tobacco shade-dried leafs were powdered. 10 kg powder was soaked in 40 L ethanol 96% for a time period of three days. Then the compound was sieved and the solvent emitted by rotatory evaporator. An infested commercial layer house in Mashhad (Kohrasan Razavi province, Iran) was used for the experiment. This layer house contained four rows of conventional cages for laying hens; the case row was sprayed with 100 L tap water containing 600 g tobacco extract. The negative control row was sprayed with 100 L tap water and repeated after seven days. One row was sprayed with Phoxim solution in water. Spraying of these rows with aforementioned solutions was repeated after seven days. D. gallinae populations in examined rows were assessed at 2, 7, 14 and 21 d post-spraying using semi-transparent plastic traps and collected mites were counted in parasitology laboratory. There was a significant difference between mite populations collected from treatment row (sprayed with tobacco extract) and control row at 2, 7 and 21 d after spraying (P< 0.05); while difference between mite populations in treated row with Phoxim and negative control row was not significant (P>0.05). Efficacy of tobacco extract at days 2, 7, 14 and 21 were 55.78%, 77.50%, 38.84% and 67.10%, respectively. The efficacy of Phoxim was calculated 9.90% two days post-treatment. The findings of this study showed that tobacco extract was effective against D. gallinae in farm conditions. |
| Keywords |
| Plant-based acaricide, Dermanyssus gallinae, Tobacco extract. |
| Status: Abstract Accepted (Oral Presentation) |